Archive for the 'Software' Category

install ubuntu on a powerbook

Virtualbox is a great virtualization product for OS X that also works on Windows and Linux!

In this How to it will show you how to get Ubuntu up and running within OS X.

  install ubuntu on a powerbook (985.2 KiB, 10 hits)
You need to be a registered user to download this file.

Getting IPCOP and OpenVPN to use DNS

IPCOP is one of my favourite pieces of software.  It is a great internet gateway solution for home users and small to medium businesses.  I use the Zerina addon to install OpenVPN and this in my option turns IPCOP into the best open source VPN/Firewall/Proxy solutions out there.

Following on from here.  Another issue I find is when you install it; it does not push through DNS from the local network (green interface).  To solve this problem it is a simple configuration change made to one file.

The easiest way to do this is use WINSCP to connect to your IPCOP machine. Locate the file server.conf from the location below

/var/ipcop/ovpn/server.conf

Edit the file adding the following line, just add it at the bottom.

push “dhcp-option DNS 192.168.0.5″

Replace ‘192.168.0.5‘ with your internal DNS server for the Green network.

Save the file and reboot IPCOP.

Now when your clients connect they can use IP or the DNS name of the computers in the green network!

Remotley connect to orange interface IPCop and OpenVPN

I have been using the great firewall solution IPCOP for a while now. Until recently I never had a reason to connected to the Orange interface, the DMZ, remotely. I found that I had to perform some teaking in order to do this.

To connect to another subnet (interface) of your IPCop machine from the internet you must edit the server.conf file. This will allow access to your Orange and Blue zones along with the standard green zone.

I used the great software WinSCP to connect to my firewall and edit the file server.conf.

File Location: /var/ipcop/ovpn/server.conf

Green interface IP: 192.168.0.254

Orange interface IP: 192.168.10.254

In this file you should find the following line push “route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0″ This is the IP and Subnet of your Green interface.

I added the line push “route 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0″ the the file to allow connections to be made to my Orange Interface.

I then rebooted the IPCop machine and it was all tickety boo!

Depending on how your machine is configured the numbers you see above may be different. So please don’t just cut and paste. Check out your own configuration.

Logon scripts

In a Windows 2003 Active Directory environment there are fours types of logon script. You must select the correct logon script for what you want to achieve.

  1. Group Policy logon / logoff scripts.
  2. Group Policy Computer startup / shutdown scripts.
  3. Domain User logon scripts.
  4. Local user logon scripts.

Type 1: Group Policy logon / logoff scripts

This script executes when a USER logs on or logs off. It executes with that users privileges.

Type 2: Group Policy Computer startup / shutdown scripts

This script executes when the COMPUTER starts up or shuts down. It executes in context of “Local System Account” so it has enhanced privileges.

Type 3: Domain User logon scripts

This script executes when a domain user logs on. The difference is type 3 scripts work on all Windows versions whereas type 1 only works with Windows 2000 and up.

Type 4: Local user logon scripts

This script as the name suggest, only executes when the user logs on locally.

OS X network utility

os x network utility

Networking in OS X can seem a little scary to some people , but it can be really easy!

A utility that is often overlooked by many OS X users is Network Utility. You can get to it from your local disk. HD > APPLICATIONS > UTILITIES > NETWORK UTILITY or use the finder.

Network utility can perform many of the task that you are often guided to the Terminal for. But for users that are not comfortable typing their commands Network Utility provides a nice simple GUI.

As shown in the screen shot Network utility has nine tabs that can provide you with a whole lot of networking information.

Info:

In this tab you can find lots of useful information about your network connections. I tend to find that the most useful are

Hardware Address

AKA MAC adress

A MAC address identifies your computer on a network and is often used when IP addresses are issued.

IP address

Again a unique number you IP address it often automatically assigned to you, known as DHCP. Or you could have a static address.

Link Speed

Self explanatory really, this is the speed you are connected at on your local network.

Netstat:

Netstat can be used to view the routing table on your PC. This can be handy in troubleshooting your connections.

AppleTalk:

Use this to look at your Appletalk information….

Ping:

Pinging can be used to diagnose network problems. You can ping other devices that are connected via IP to see if they are reachable.

Lookup:

Lookup can be used to find out lots of information about a host computer. There is a lot of information to be found here, so if you want investigate it more.

Traceroute:

This is kind of like ping. But this shows you all the hops or devices that you go through to reach your destination server.

Whois:

Whois can be used to find out information about domain names. You can look up who owns it and were it is registered.

Finger:

Finger is not commonly used much now, but for servers were it is still available it can be usefull to troubleshoot email address spellings and the like.

Port Scan:

Although there are many better port scanners available this one is pretty good and relatively fast for using now and again.

Change your XP OEM or Retail to Volume License

If you ever find yourself in a situation were you have a retail cd key and a OEM version of XP, or any combination for that fact. There is a little trick you can perform thanks to the file setup.ini. It will allow you to install the version of windows you want that matches your key.

First, find your setupp.ini file in the i386 directory on your Windows XP CD. If you look at it, it will resemble:

ExtraData=707A667567736F696F697911AE7E05
Pid=55034000

The Pid value is what we’re in this for. What’s there now looks like a standard default, but that is no good. There are special numbers that determine if it’s a retail, OEM, or volume license edition. First, we must break down that number into two parts. The first five digits determines how the CD will behave, i.e. is it a retail CD that lets you clean install or upgrade, or an OEM CD that only lets you perform a clean install? The last three digits determine what CD key it will accept.

You are able to mix and match these values. For example you could make a Windows XP CD that acted like a retail CD, but then yet accepted OEM keys.

This is in my opinion a very useful tweak if done properly, so listen up!

Here are the individual values, the first and last values are interchangeable but you should keep them together:

Retail = 51882 335

Volume License = 51883 270

OEM = 82503 OEM

Now if you wanted a retail CD that accepted the retail CD key then you would use.

Pid=51882335

And if you wanted a retail CD that accepted OEM keys, you’d use:

Pid=51882OEM

You should remember that doing this might be considered illegal in Microsoft’s eyes so as such it’s not something I would recommend to do.

Now if all went without typo’s all you need to to is burn your XP cd and make it bootable.